Volcanic Hazards

List of Volcanic Hazards

Pyroclastic Density Currents (pyroclastic flows and surges)

↳ A pyroclastic flow (also known as a pyroclastic density current or a pyroclastic cloud) is a fast-moving current of hot gas and volcanic matter (collectively known as tephra) that moves away from a volcano reaching speeds of up to 700 km/h (430 mph).

Lahars

↳ is a type of mudflow or debris flow composed of a slurry of pyroclastic material, rocky debris, and water. The material flows down from a volcano, typically along a river valley.

Volcanic Gas

↳ Some volcanic gases including sulfur dioxide, hydrogen chloride, hydrogen sulfide and hydrogen fluoride react with other atmospheric particles to form aerosols.

Tsunamis

↳ a series of waves in a water body caused by the displacement of a large volume of water, generally in an ocean or a large lake.

Volcanic Lightning

↳ A dirty thunderstorm (also volcanic lightning, thunder volcano) is a weather phenomenon that is related to the production of lightning in a volcanic plume.